Here he was afterwards a prisoner, and "did grind in the prison house. The prophets denounce the judgments of God against it Jeremiah ; ; Amos , 7 ; Zephaniah It is referred to in Acts Philip is here told to take the road from Jerusalem to Gaza about 6 miles south-west of Jerusalem , "which is desert", i.
A city of the Philistines Joshua ; Jeremiah One of the border cities of the Canaanites Genesis A city of the Avim and Anakim Deuteronomy ; Joshua Allotted to Judah Joshua ; Judges On the western boundary of the kingdom of Israel in the time of Solomon 1 Kings Prophecies relating to Amos ; Zephaniah ; Zech A city of Ephraim Judges ; 1 Chronicles In the port city Anthedon, a.
During the next years the city became an important wealthy Muslim city, thriving from the growing commerce between the south and the north. They accomplished the mission in , and established the Crusader Kingdom. Long battles were fought among the armies near the city, including the great battle of Ashkelon when the Crusaders first established the southern border of their Kingdom in the Holy Land. During the next 12 years the Egyptians attempted to retake the Holy Land, attacking the Crusaders for 10 times.
The Crusaders were surrounded by the hostile Arab world, and therefore spent the first 50 years in fortifying the borders of their Kingdom. The Templars were a military-religious organization, established in , naming their organization after the temple: the guards of the temple. Their task, as defined by the pope, was to protect the pilgrims and patients that visited the Holy Land.
The Crusaders named the city with an additional name — Gadres source of this name is unknown. Although Gaza returned for brief periods to the Crusaders control in some of the following years, at the end the Crusaders left the Land in The Crusaders brought with them, back to their native countries in Europe, a number of new medical practices from the Holy Land.
One of them is the Gauze, a thin fabric with a loose open weave. This cloth was woven here, named after Gaza, and was used for medical dressing of wounds. During the post-Crusader Arab period, and then under the rule of the Mamlukes , the city expanded, growing even larger than Jerusalem. Gaza was a regional capital Sanjak — an administrative division of the Ottoman Empire.
In the Ottoman army, headed by Sinan Pacha, conquered Gaza and defeated the Mamlukes in the battle of Tell-el-Jamma south of the city.
The Land passed to the Ottoman control for the next years. In the French revolution replaced the Monarchy with a Republican system. Britain refused to recognize the new Republic, leading to a French attack against the British interests in Egypt, in order to cut off the Suez Canal. The French Army, headed by Napoleon Bonaparte, lands in Egypt May and within 3 months captures the entire country, and cut off the British access through the Suez Canal.
However, the French navy loses the naval battle of Abukir August resulting in the loss of their logistic supply from France. The French then continued northwards in February They defeat the Ottoman army in the battle of El-Arish, and then attack and capture Gaza in February They reach the port city of Acre , where they set siege March-May After failing to capture the city due to the strong resistance of the Ottoman defenders, and attacks from the sea by British vessels, the French retreat.
Napoleon returns to Egypt in May-June , blowing up all the fortifications of the coastal cities, including Gaza City which is severely damaged. The French finally surrendered in and returned to Europe.
The report of modern Gaza and the ancient sites is found in sheet XIX. Green mounds extend round the houses on the hill, and seem to indicate the ruins of former fortifications. A section of the PEF map is seen here. The center of Gaza is marked by red zones in the middle of the map, and is located on both sides of the ancient road, which is marked as a double dashed line. Published , reprinted by LifeintheHolyLand.
The first major battle was in the Suez canal February , where the British defeated the invading forces. The British then pushed northwards to the Sinai desert, wining the Romani battle August and the Raphia battle January The British managed to conquer the Land and reach Damascus within another year. Gaza is ruined during this campaign, and thousands of British soldiers were buried in the cemeteries of Gaza, Dir el-Balah and Beersheba.
During the Israeli Independence war , Gaza was captured by the Egyptian army, who held it until After the Israeli disengagement of , the Israeli settlements in the Gaza strip were dismantled, and the IDF forces left the Gaza strip. The Gaza strip is an autonomous Palestinian region which borders with Egypt and Israel.
It is narrow Km, 3. With 1. Gaza is the main city, located in the northern part of the Gaza strip. The area is not accessible for visitors from Israel, and the traffic from Egypt is also limited.
The ancient wonders of Gaza, once one of the most important cities in the Levant, are mostly damaged and gone, affected by the modern construction, years of neglect, and military operations in this area. As we have no access to the ancient sites of Gaza, and most of these places are lost to modern construction, this section includes information of the PEF report, followed with old photos. It stands on an isolated hill in the plain, rising feet above the sea, and some feet above the surrounding flat ground.
There are two principal mosques, besides others smaller. The one on the hill in the middle of the town Jamid el Kebir is an ancient church rebuilt as a mosque. The second, which is newer, is composed of much ancient material. The Serai, or Court-house, is north-east of the great mosque.
The water supply is from good wells of sweet water in the town and in the surrounding gardens. The names of 15 of these wells all marked on the Plan as B were collected, but are unimportant. Fine gardens surround Gaza, stretching 4 miles north and south, and east and west. There are many palms in these, and fine olive-groves exist beyond them on the west and north. On the south is the quarantine building in the gardens.
There is a bazaar in the town, and soap is manufactured, as well as a peculiar black pottery. The potteries are west of the town. Cotton is sometimes grown, and dates, figs, olives, lentils, apricots and mulberries, melons and cucumbers, are grown in the gardens.
The town has the reputation of being very healthy, probably from its dry and elevated position. American Colony or Matson photo service, Library of Congress. The remains of the ancient walls seem to be represented by the great mounds on the hill, visible on the east and south beyond the houses. The whole of the building in its original form seems attributable to the twelfth century. The nave is 21 feet 6 inches wide in the clear, the aisles 13 feet. The south wall has been destroyed, and rude piers built instead ; while south of them is a modern wall, which is not parallel to the axis of the building.
The style of architecture is severe, and the ornamentation very plain. The piers are 5 feet 6 inches by 6 feet 6 inches, with four attached semi-columns 1 foot 6 inches diameter to each pier. The nave has a clerestory, and a second order of pillars stand on the cornice, which runs round the piers above the capitals of the lower order of pillars. The details of cornice and capitals are seen in the photograph. These upper pillars are almost of equal diameter with the lower, and have a heavy appearance.
All the pillars and cornices are well cut in hard dark grey marble, and the diagonal dressing is marked on the base blocks.
Amos - Thus saith the LORD; For three transgressions of Gaza, and for four, I will not turn away the punishment thereof; because they carried away captive the whole captivity, to deliver them up to Edom: Acts - And the angel of the Lord spake unto Philip, saying, Arise, and go toward the south unto the way that goeth down from Jerusalem unto Gaza, which is desert. Read More Isaiah - The burden of Damascus.
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